Dora Pejačević was a Croatian composer and violinist, born in Bucharest, founder of modern Croatian chamber and orchestral music, and the first woman in Croatia to compose orchestral pieces.

Pejačević is one of the important female composers of early 20th century. Most of her compositions were strongly influenced by Schumann, Brahms, Grieg and Tchaikovsky. Her compositions were performed more often abroad than in her own country, but she is now credited with founding modern Croatian chamber and concert music.

Soon after Pejačević’s death, her work was forgotten and only rediscovered in the 1980s, spurred on by the research of the Croatian musicologist Koraljka Kos.